MINI COURSE TOPIC 15: Composition
Divide the composition using two vertical and two horizontal lines to create a grid, positioning your subject at the intersection for optimal impact.
Many cameras feature a rule-of-thirds grid overlay on the viewfinder or LCD screen, aiding in this composition technique. In landscape photography, consider positioning the horizon along the top or bottom third of the frame, adhering to one of the horizontal lines of the rule of thirds.
For portraits, align the subject’s eyes with the top third of the frame to enhance viewer engagement and draw attention effectively.
All guidelines can be challenged! Occasionally, an exceptional photograph may feature the subject centered within the frame, commonly referred to as “bull’s eye” framing. The rule of thirds serves more as a guideline than a strict rule. Ultimately, it's up to you to determine the placement of your subject within the frame.
Below are some tips to try and keep in mind when thinking about composition!
Filling the frame
Get in close to your chosen subject and ensure that it becomes a significant and prominent part of the entire frame, effectively drawing the viewer's attention to its intricate details and deep emotions that are captured within the moment.
Negative Space
To create a compelling composition, it’s essential to “fill the frame” to clearly highlight your subject. However, it’s equally important to provide some negative space, allowing your subject room to “breathe.” For instance, if your subject is in motion or gazing toward one side, ensure to leave ample space in that direction within your photograph.
Leading Lines
Use prominent lines in your environment to guide attention to your photograph's main subject. Leading lines can be obvious, like a winding road, or subtle, like aligned trees or converging building edges. Incorporating these elements enhances visual engagement and immerses the observer in the scene.
Patterns and Repetion
Patterns attract attention in photographs. Repeating items, shapes, or colors can create symmetry that improves composition. Photographers can guide viewers' focus through careful arrangement. Deliberately disrupting patterns can enhance impact and intrigue, encouraging audience engagement.
Framing
Use a visual element in your scene, such as a window, door, or archway, to effectively frame your subject in a compelling way. Make sure that the chosen framing device is clear of any distractions and doesn’t include any elements that could inadvertently lead the eye out of the intended frame. This focus will help guide your audience’s attention directly to the subject, enhancing the overall impact of your composition.
Point of View (PoV)
Camera placement affects the perception and mood of a photo. Choosing low or high angles alters the subject's relationship with the background. Experimenting with various positions yields fascinating results. Don’t limit yourself to eye level; explore different angles for unique perspectives that enhance your photography.
Colour Focus
Utilising colour effectively is essential for capturing attention in photography. Scenarios that feature complementary colours, such as yellow with blue or red with green, can create striking visuals. Evaluate if colour serves as the focal point of the image. For example, consider whether the impact of a vibrant blue wall paired with a bright yellow window box would still be compelling if rendered in muted shades. This analysis can significantly influence composition and viewer engagement.
Black and White or Noir
When your subject features rich textures or the scene boasts prominent graphical elements, consider utilising black and white photography for a striking impact. Often, a photograph gains strength through the absence of colour which helps with simplifying composition.
Be cautious of backgrounds
Eliminate any unnecessary background items that may detract from or negatively interact with the main subject of your carefully composed photograph.
A classic example of this important concept is a distracting element, such as an errant tree limb or other odd object, appearing to awkwardly emerge from the head of a portrait subject.
Such distractions can significantly detract from the overall aesthetic impact and emotional resonance of the image, potentially overshadowing the intended focus.
Clean Background
Bad Background
Simplify
The most compelling compositions are frequently the simplest and most straightforward in their approach. Take the time to explore various effective methods to structure your image by utilising all available tools, such as your unique perspective, careful focal length selection, artistic depth of field, and precise shutter speed settings. Each of these elements can significantly impact the overall feel and narrative of your photograph.
Use the light
Excellent lighting is crucial for high-quality photographs. Optimal lighting increases the chances of capturing extraordinary images. I shoot in RAW and use a Black and White viewfinder profile to visualise the scene in monochrome, focusing on shadows and highlights. Processing RAW files retains all colours, allowing me to concentrate on composition without colour distractions.
